8E5J

The crystal structure of 4-n-butylbenzoic acid bound CYP199A4


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.30 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.222 
  • R-Value Work: 0.167 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.169 

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This is version 2.1 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Exploring the Factors which Result in Cytochrome P450 Catalyzed Desaturation Versus Hydroxylation.

Coleman, T.Doherty, D.Z.Zhang, T.Podgorski, M.N.Qiao, R.Lee, J.H.Z.Bruning, J.B.De Voss, J.J.Zhou, W.Bell, S.G.

(2022) Chem Asian J 17: e202200986-e202200986

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/asia.202200986
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    7R8S, 7UDF, 8E5J

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    The cytochrome P450 family of monooxygenase enzymes have essential biological roles involving the selective oxidation of carbon-hydrogen bonds. They can also catalyze other important metabolic reactions including desaturation to form alkenes. Currently the factors that control the partition between P450 hydroxylation and desaturation pathways are poorly defined. The CYP199A4 enzyme from the bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris HaA2 catalyzes the oxidation of 4-ethyl- and 4-isopropyl- benzoic acids with hydroxylation and desaturation occurring in significant quantities. Here we demonstrate that 4-cyclopropylbenzoic acid is regioselectively hydroxylated by CYP199A4 at the benzylic carbon. In contrast, the oxidation of 4-n-propylbenzoic acid by CYP199A4 results in three major metabolites: an alkene from desaturation and two hydroxylation products at the benzylic (Cα) and Cβ carbons in similar quantities. Extending the length of the alkyl substituent resulted in 4-n-butylbenzoic acid being oxidized at the benzylic position (45%) and desaturated (55%). In contrast, 4-isobutylbenzoic generated very little alkene (5%) but was hydroxylated at the benzylic position (54%) and at the tertiary Cβ position (41%). The oxidation of 4-n-propylbenzoic acid by the F298 V mutant of CYP199A4 occurred with no hydroxylation at Cβ and a significant increase in metabolites arising from desaturation (73%). The X-ray crystal structures of CYP199A4 with each substrate revealed that they bind in the active site with the alkyl substituent positioned over the heme. However, the longer alkylbenzoic acids were bound in a different conformation as was 4-n-propylbenzoic acid in the F298 V mutant. Overall, the changes in metabolite distribution could be ascribed to bond strength differences and the position of the alkyl group relative to the heme.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Department of Chemistry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Cytochrome P450393Rhodopseudomonas palustris HaA2Mutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: RPB_3613
UniProt
Find proteins for Q2IU02 (Rhodopseudomonas palustris (strain HaA2))
Explore Q2IU02 
Go to UniProtKB:  Q2IU02
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupQ2IU02
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.30 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.222 
  • R-Value Work: 0.167 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.169 
  • Space Group: P 1 21 1
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 45.01α = 90
b = 51.54β = 91.87
c = 79.31γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
Aimlessdata scaling
PHENIXrefinement
PDB_EXTRACTdata extraction
MOSFLMdata reduction
PHASERphasing

Structure Validation

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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


Entry History & Funding Information

Deposition Data


Funding OrganizationLocationGrant Number
Australian Research Council (ARC)AustraliaDP140103229

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2023-08-30
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 2.0: 2024-03-13
    Changes: Atomic model, Author supporting evidence, Data collection, Database references, Derived calculations, Non-polymer description, Structure summary
  • Version 2.1: 2024-03-20
    Changes: Database references