8BWB

Spider toxin Pha1b (PnTx3-6) from Phoneutria nigriventer targeting CaV2.x calcium channels and TRPA1 channel


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: SOLUTION NMR
  • Conformers Calculated: 200 
  • Conformers Submitted: 20 
  • Selection Criteria: structures with the least restraint violations 

wwPDB Validation   3D Report Full Report


This is version 1.2 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Recombinant Production, NMR Solution Structure, and Membrane Interaction of the Ph alpha 1 beta Toxin, a TRPA1 Modulator from the Brazilian Armed Spider Phoneutria nigriventer .

Lyukmanova, E.N.Mironov, P.A.Kulbatskii, D.S.Shulepko, M.A.Paramonov, A.S.Chernaya, E.M.Logashina, Y.A.Andreev, Y.A.Kirpichnikov, M.P.Shenkarev, Z.O.

(2023) Toxins (Basel) 15

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins15060378
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    8BWB

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    Phα1β (PnTx3-6) is a neurotoxin from the spider Phoneutria nigriventer venom, originally identified as an antagonist of two ion channels involved in nociception: N-type voltage-gated calcium channel (Ca V 2.2) and TRPA1. In animal models, Phα1β administration reduces both acute and chronic pain. Here, we report the efficient bacterial expression system for the recombinant production of Phα1β and its 15 N-labeled analogue. Spatial structure and dynamics of Phα1β were determined via NMR spectroscopy. The N -terminal domain (Ala1-Ala40) contains the inhibitor cystine knot (ICK or knottin) motif, which is common to spider neurotoxins. The C -terminal α-helix (Asn41-Cys52) stapled to ICK by two disulfides exhibits the µs-ms time-scale fluctuations. The Phα1β structure with the disulfide bond patterns Cys1-5, Cys2-7, Cys3-12, Cys4-10, Cys6-11, Cys8-9 is the first spider knottin with six disulfide bridges in one ICK domain, and is a good reference to other toxins from the ctenitoxin family. Phα1β has a large hydrophobic region on its surface and demonstrates a moderate affinity for partially anionic lipid vesicles at low salt conditions. Surprisingly, 10 µM Phα1β significantly increases the amplitude of diclofenac-evoked currents and does not affect the allyl isothiocyanate (AITC)-evoked currents through the rat TRPA1 channel expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Targeting several unrelated ion channels, membrane binding, and the modulation of TRPA1 channel activity allow for considering Phα1β as a gating modifier toxin, probably interacting with S1-S4 gating domains from a membrane-bound state.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Department of Biology, MSU-BIT Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518172, China.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Omega-ctenitoxin-Pn4a55Phoneutria nigriventerMutation(s): 0 
UniProt
Find proteins for P81792 (Phoneutria nigriventer)
Explore P81792 
Go to UniProtKB:  P81792
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupP81792
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: SOLUTION NMR
  • Conformers Calculated: 200 
  • Conformers Submitted: 20 
  • Selection Criteria: structures with the least restraint violations 

Structure Validation

View Full Validation Report



Entry History & Funding Information

Deposition Data


Funding OrganizationLocationGrant Number
Russian Science FoundationRussian Federation22-14-00326

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2023-06-21
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2023-07-05
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.2: 2024-11-20
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Structure summary