6P2P

Tetrameric structure of ACAT1

  • Classification: TRANSFERASE
  • Organism(s): Homo sapiens
  • Expression System: Homo sapiens
  • Mutation(s): No 

  • Deposited: 2019-05-21 Released: 2020-05-20 
  • Deposition Author(s): Yan, N., Qian, H.W.
  • Funding Organization(s): National Science Foundation (NSF, United States)

Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
  • Resolution: 3.10 Å
  • Aggregation State: PARTICLE 
  • Reconstruction Method: SINGLE PARTICLE 

wwPDB Validation   3D Report Full Report


This is version 1.1 of the entry. See complete history. 


Literature

Structural basis for catalysis and substrate specificity of human ACAT1.

Qian, H., Zhao, X., Yan, R., Yao, X., Gao, S., Sun, X., Du, X., Yang, H., Wong, C.C.L., Yan, N.

(2020) Nature 581: 333-338

  • DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2290-0
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    6P2P, 6P2J

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    • As members of the membrane-bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT) enzyme family, acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferases (ACATs) catalyse the transfer of an acyl group from acyl-coenzyme A to cholesterol to generate cholesteryl ester, the primary form in which cholesterol is stored in cells and transported in plasma 1 ...

    As members of the membrane-bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT) enzyme family, acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferases (ACATs) catalyse the transfer of an acyl group from acyl-coenzyme A to cholesterol to generate cholesteryl ester, the primary form in which cholesterol is stored in cells and transported in plasma 1 . ACATs have gained attention as potential drug targets for the treatment of diseases such as atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease and cancer 2-7 . Here we present the cryo-electron microscopy structure of human ACAT1 as a dimer of dimers. Each protomer consists of nine transmembrane segments, which enclose a cytosolic tunnel and a transmembrane tunnel that converge at the predicted catalytic site. Evidence from structure-guided mutational analyses suggests that acyl-coenzyme A enters the active site through the cytosolic tunnel, whereas cholesterol may enter from the side through the transmembrane tunnel. This structural and biochemical characterization helps to rationalize the preference of ACAT1 for unsaturated acyl chains, and provides insight into the catalytic mechanism of enzymes within the MBOAT family 8 .

    Organizational Affiliation: 

    Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA. nyan@princeton.edu.



Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by: 
(by identity cutoff)  |  Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChainsSequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Sterol O-acyltransferase 1 A, B, C, D594Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: SOAT1, ACACT, ACACT1, ACAT, ACAT1, SOAT, STAT
EC: 2.3.1.26
Membrane protein
Mpstruc		Group: 
TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEINS: ALPHA-HELICAL		Sub Group: 
O-acyltransferases		Protein: 
sterol O-acyltransferase (ACAT1), dimer
Find proteins for P35610 (Homo sapiens)
Explore P35610 
Go to UniProtKB:  P35610
NIH Common Fund Data Resources
PHAROS:  P35610
GTEx:  ENSG00000057252
Protein Feature View
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  • Reference Sequence
Small Molecules
Ligands 1 Unique
IDChainsName / Formula / InChI Key2D Diagram3D Interactions
3VV
Query on 3VV
Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
A, B, C, D
S-{(3R,5R,9R)-1-[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-(phosphonooxy)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]-3,5,9-trihydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-3,5-dioxido-10,14-dioxo-2,4,6-trioxa-11,15-diaza-3lambda~5~,5lambda~5~-diphosphaheptadecan-17-yl} (9Z)-octadec-9-enethioate (non-preferred name)
C39 H68 N7 O17 P3 S
XDUHQPOXLUAVEE-BPMMELMSSA-N		 Ligand Interaction
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
  • Resolution: 3.10 Å
  • Aggregation State: PARTICLE 
  • Reconstruction Method: SINGLE PARTICLE 

Structure Validation

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View more in-depth experimental data

Entry History & Funding Information

Deposition Data

  • Deposited Date: 2019-05-21 
  • Released Date: 2020-05-20 
    • Deposition Author(s): Yan, N., Qian, H.W.
Funding OrganizationLocationGrant Number
National Science Foundation (NSF, United States)United StatesDMR-1420541

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2020-05-20
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2020-06-03
    Changes: Database references