Tuning Cysteine Reactivity and Sulfenic Acid Stability by Protein Microenvironment in Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases of Arabidopsis thaliana.
Zaffagnini, M., Fermani, S., Calvaresi, M., Orru, R., Iommarini, L., Sparla, F., Falini, G., Bottoni, A., Trost, P.(2016) Antioxid Redox Signal 24: 502-517
- PubMed: 26650776 
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1089/ars.2015.6417
- Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
4Z0H - PubMed Abstract: 
Cysteines and H2O2 are fundamental players in redox signaling. Cysteine thiol deprotonation favors the reaction with H2O2 that generates sulfenic acids with dual electrophilic/nucleophilic nature. The protein microenvironment surrounding the target cysteine is believed to control whether sulfenic acid can be reversibly regulated by disulfide formation or irreversibly oxidized to sulfinates/sulfonates. In this study, we present experimental oxidation kinetics and a quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM) investigation to elucidate the reaction of H2O2 with glycolytic and photosynthetic glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from Arabidopsis thaliana (cytoplasmic AtGAPC1 and chloroplastic AtGAPA, respectively).
Organizational Affiliation: 
1 Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna , Bologna, Italy.