4Q1X

Mutations Outside the Active Site of HIV-1 Protease Alter Enzyme Structure and Dynamic Ensemble of the Active Site to Confer Drug Resistance

Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.90 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.234 
  • R-Value Work: 0.180 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.183 

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Literature

Drug resistance conferred by mutations outside the active site through alterations in the dynamic and structural ensemble of HIV-1 protease.

Ragland, D.A., Nalivaika, E.A., Nalam, M.N., Prachanronarong, K.L., Cao, H., Bandaranayake, R.M., Cai, Y., Kurt-Yilmaz, N., Schiffer, C.A.

(2014) J Am Chem Soc 136: 11956-11963

  • DOI: 10.1021/ja504096m
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    4Q1W, 4Q1X, 4Q1Y

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    • HIV-1 protease inhibitors are part of the highly active antiretroviral therapy effectively used in the treatment of HIV infection and AIDS. Darunavir (DRV) is the most potent of these inhibitors, soliciting drug resistance only when a complex combination of mutations occur both inside and outside the protease active site ...

    HIV-1 protease inhibitors are part of the highly active antiretroviral therapy effectively used in the treatment of HIV infection and AIDS. Darunavir (DRV) is the most potent of these inhibitors, soliciting drug resistance only when a complex combination of mutations occur both inside and outside the protease active site. With few exceptions, the role of mutations outside the active site in conferring resistance remains largely elusive. Through a series of DRV-protease complex crystal structures, inhibition assays, and molecular dynamics simulations, we find that single and double site mutations outside the active site often associated with DRV resistance alter the structure and dynamic ensemble of HIV-1 protease active site. These alterations correlate with the observed inhibitor binding affinities for the mutants, and suggest a network hypothesis on how the effect of distal mutations are propagated to pivotal residues at the active site and may contribute to conferring drug resistance.

    Organizational Affiliation: 

    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School , Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States.



Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by: 
(by identity cutoff)  |  Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChainsSequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
ASPARTYL PROTEASEA, B99Human immunodeficiency virus 1Mutation(s): 2 
Gene Names: gag-pol, pol
EC: 3.4.23.16 (PDB Primary Data), 2.7.7.49 (UniProt), 2.7.7.7 (UniProt), 3.1.26.13 (UniProt), 3.1.13.2 (UniProt), 2.7.7 (UniProt), 3.1 (UniProt)
UniProt
Find proteins for P04585 (Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group M subtype B (isolate HXB2))
Explore P04585 
Go to UniProtKB:  P04585
Protein Feature View
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  • Reference Sequence
Small Molecules
Ligands 3 Unique
IDChainsName / Formula / InChI Key2D Diagram3D Interactions
017 (Subject of Investigation/LOI)
Query on 017
Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
C [auth A](3R,3AS,6AR)-HEXAHYDROFURO[2,3-B]FURAN-3-YL(1S,2R)-3-[[(4-AMINOPHENYL)SULFONYL](ISOBUTYL)AMINO]-1-BENZYL-2-HYDROXYPROPYLCARBAMATE
C27 H37 N3 O7 S
CJBJHOAVZSMMDJ-HEXNFIEUSA-N		 Ligand Interaction
PO4
Query on PO4
Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
E [auth B]PHOSPHATE ION
O4 P
NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K		 Ligand Interaction
GOL
Query on GOL
Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
D [auth A]GLYCEROL
C3 H8 O3
PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N		 Ligand Interaction
Binding Affinity Annotations 
IDSourceBinding Affinity
017 BindingDB:  4Q1X Ki: min: 2.00e-4, max: 2 (nM) from 17 assay(s)
Kd: 0.02 (nM) from 1 assay(s)
IC50: min: 0.06, max: 370 (nM) from 10 assay(s)
EC50: min: 0.15, max: 112 (nM) from 5 assay(s)
Binding MOAD:  4Q1X Ki: 7.00e-3 (nM) from 1 assay(s)
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.90 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.234 
  • R-Value Work: 0.180 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.183 
  • Space Group: P 21 21 21
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 50.906α = 90
b = 58.277β = 90
c = 61.775γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
REFMACrefinement
StructureStudiodata collection
HKL-2000data reduction
HKL-2000data scaling
AMoREphasing

Structure Validation

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Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2015-02-18
    Type: Initial release