3CQF

Crystal structure of anthrolysin O (ALO)

Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 3.10 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.294 
  • R-Value Work: 0.268 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.270 

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This is version 1.2 of the entry. See complete history. 


Literature

Cellular Functions and X-ray Structure of Anthrolysin O, a Cholesterol-dependent Cytolysin Secreted by Bacillus anthracis

Bourdeau, R.W., Malito, E., Chenal, A., Bishop, B.L., Musch, M.W., Villereal, M.L., Chang, E.B., Mosser, E.M., Rest, R.F., Tang, W.J.

(2009) J Biol Chem 284: 14645-14656

  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M807631200
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    3CQF

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    • Anthrolysin O (ALO) is a pore-forming, cholesterol-dependent cytolysin (CDC) secreted by Bacillus anthracis, the etiologic agent for anthrax. Growing evidence suggests the involvement of ALO in anthrax pathogenesis. Here, we show that the apical application of ALO decreases the barrier function of human polarized epithelial cells as well as increases intracellular calcium and the internalization of the tight junction protein occludin ...

    Anthrolysin O (ALO) is a pore-forming, cholesterol-dependent cytolysin (CDC) secreted by Bacillus anthracis, the etiologic agent for anthrax. Growing evidence suggests the involvement of ALO in anthrax pathogenesis. Here, we show that the apical application of ALO decreases the barrier function of human polarized epithelial cells as well as increases intracellular calcium and the internalization of the tight junction protein occludin. Using pharmacological agents, we also found that barrier function disruption requires increased intracellular calcium and protein degradation. We also report a crystal structure of the soluble state of ALO. Based on our analytical ultracentrifugation and light scattering studies, ALO exists as a monomer. Our ALO structure provides the molecular basis as to how ALO is locked in a monomeric state, in contrast to other CDCs that undergo antiparallel dimerization or higher order oligomerization in solution. ALO has four domains and is globally similar to perfringolysin O (PFO) and intermedilysin (ILY), yet the highly conserved undecapeptide region in domain 4 (D4) adopts a completely different conformation in all three CDCs. Consistent with the differences within D4 and at the D2-D4 interface, we found that ALO D4 plays a key role in affecting the barrier function of C2BBE cells, whereas PFO domain 4 cannot substitute for this role. Novel structural elements and unique cellular functions of ALO revealed by our studies provide new insight into the molecular basis for the diverse nature of the CDC family.

    Organizational Affiliation: 

    Ben-May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.



Macromolecules
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(by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChainsSequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Thiol-activated cytolysinA, B489Bacillus anthracisMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: alo, GBAA_3355, F0720_08585, FYB77_08585, GRA88_25935, GRA94_16345, GRA98_11740
Membrane Entity: Yes 
UniProt
Find proteins for A0A6L7HHW7 (Bacillus anthracis)
Explore A0A6L7HHW7 
Go to UniProtKB:  A0A6L7HHW7
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupA0A6L7HHW7
Protein Feature View
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 3.10 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.294 
  • R-Value Work: 0.268 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.270 
  • Space Group: C 2 2 21
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 141.74α = 90
b = 141.749β = 90
c = 294.099γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
DENZOdata reduction
SCALEPACKdata scaling
PHASERphasing
REFMACrefinement
PDB_EXTRACTdata extraction
ADSCdata collection

Structure Validation

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View more in-depth experimental data

Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2009-03-17
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2011-07-13
    Changes: Version format compliance
  • Version 1.2: 2017-10-25
    Changes: Refinement description