2GEY

Crystal Structure of AclR a putative hydroxylase from Streptomyces galilaeus

Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.80 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.197 
  • R-Value Work: 0.175 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.176 

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This is version 1.2 of the entry. See complete history. 


Literature

Crystal structures of SnoaL2 and AclR: two putative hydroxylases in the biosynthesis of aromatic polyketide antibiotics

Beinker, P., Lohkamp, B., Peltonen, T., Niemi, J., Mantsala, P., Schneider, G.

(2006) J Mol Biol 359: 728-740

  • DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2006.03.060
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    2GEX, 2GEY

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    • SnoaL2 and AclR are homologous enzymes in the biosynthesis of the aromatic polyketides nogalamycin in Streptomyces nogalater and cinerubin in Streptomyces galilaeus, respectively. Evidence obtained from gene transfer experiments suggested that SnoaL2 catalyzes the hydroxylation of the C-1 carbon atom of the polyketide chain ...

    SnoaL2 and AclR are homologous enzymes in the biosynthesis of the aromatic polyketides nogalamycin in Streptomyces nogalater and cinerubin in Streptomyces galilaeus, respectively. Evidence obtained from gene transfer experiments suggested that SnoaL2 catalyzes the hydroxylation of the C-1 carbon atom of the polyketide chain. Here we show that AclR is also involved in the production of 1-hydroxylated anthracyclines in vivo. The three-dimensional structure of SnoaL2 has been determined by multi-wavelength anomalous diffraction to 2.5A resolution, and that of AclR to 1.8A resolution using molecular replacement. Both enzymes are dimers in solution and in the crystal. The fold of the enzyme subunits consists of an alpha+beta barrel. The dimer interface is formed by packing of the beta-sheets from the two subunits against each other. In the interior of the alpha+beta barrel a hydrophobic cavity is formed that most likely binds the substrate and harbors the active site. The subunit fold and the architecture of the active site in SnoaL2 and AclR are similar to that of the polyketide cyclases SnoaL and AknH; however, they show completely different quaternary structures. A comparison of the active site pockets of the putative hydroxylases AclR and SnoaL2 with those of bona fide polyketide cyclases reveals distinct differences in amino acids lining the cavity that might be responsible for the switch in chemistry. The moderate degree of sequence similarity and the preservation of the three-dimensional fold of the polypeptide chain suggest that these enzymes are evolutionary related. Members of this enzyme family appear to have evolved from a common protein scaffold by divergent evolution to catalyze reactions chemically as diverse as aldol condensation and hydroxylation.

    Organizational Affiliation: 

    Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm S-171 77, Sweden.



Macromolecules
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Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChainsSequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
AclR proteinA, B, C, D158Streptomyces galilaeusMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: aclR
UniProt
Find proteins for Q1XDX7 (Streptomyces galilaeus)
Explore Q1XDX7 
Go to UniProtKB:  Q1XDX7
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupQ1XDX7
Protein Feature View
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.80 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.197 
  • R-Value Work: 0.175 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.176 
  • Space Group: P 21 21 21
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 80.908α = 90
b = 81.724β = 90
c = 136.64γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
REFMACrefinement

Structure Validation

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Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2006-07-18
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2008-05-01
    Changes: Version format compliance
  • Version 1.2: 2011-07-13
    Changes: Advisory, Version format compliance