Download MendeleyThe structure of the Dead ringer-DNA complex reveals how AT-rich interaction domains (ARIDs) recognize DNA.
Iwahara, J., Iwahara, M., Daughdrill, G.W., Ford, J., Clubb, R.T.(2002) EMBO J 21: 1197-1209
- PubMed: 11867548
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/emboj/21.5.1197
- Primary Citation of Related Structures:
1KQQ - PubMed Abstract:
The AT-rich interaction domain (ARID) is a DNA-binding module found in many eukaryotic transcription factors. Using NMR spectroscopy, we have determined the first ever three-dimensional structure of an ARID--DNA complex (mol. wt 25.7 kDa) formed by Dead ringer from Drosophila melanogaster. ARIDs recognize DNA through a novel mechanism involving major groove immobilization of a large loop that connects the helices of a non-canonical helix-turn-helix motif, and through a concomitant structural rearrangement that produces stabilizing contacts from a beta-hairpin. Dead ringer's preference for AT-rich DNA originates from three positions within the ARID fold that form energetically significant contacts to an adenine-thymine base step. Amino acids that dictate binding specificity are not highly conserved, suggesting that ARIDs will bind to a range of nucleotide sequences. Extended ARIDs, found in several sequence-specific transcription factors, are distinguished by the presence of a C-terminal helix that may increase their intrinsic affinity for DNA. The prevalence of serine amino acids at all specificity determining positions suggests that ARIDs within SWI/SNF-related complexes will interact with DNA non-sequence specifically.
Organizational Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA-DOE Laboratory of Structural Biology and Molecular Medicine and the Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1570, USA.
