Refined solution structure of type III antifreeze protein: hydrophobic groups may be involved in the energetics of the protein-ice interaction.
Sonnichsen, F.D., DeLuca, C.I., Davies, P.L., Sykes, B.D.(1996) Structure 4: 1325-1337
- PubMed: 8939756 
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0969-2126(96)00140-2
- Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
1KDE, 1KDF - PubMed Abstract: 
Antifreeze proteins are found in certain fish inhabiting polar sea water. These proteins depress the freezing points of blood and body fluids below that of the surrounding sea water by binding to and inhibiting the growth of seed ice crystals. The proteins are believed to bind irreversibly to growing ice crystals in such a way as to change the curvature of the ice-water interface, leading to freezing point depression, but the mechanism of high-affinity ice binding is not yet fully understood ...