5Z9C

Solution NMR structures of BRD4 first bromodomain with small compound MMQO


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: SOLUTION NMR
  • Conformers Calculated: 200 
  • Conformers Submitted: 20 
  • Selection Criteria: structures with the lowest energy 

wwPDB Validation   3D Report Full Report


This is version 1.2 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

A New Quinoline BRD4 Inhibitor Targets a Distinct Latent HIV-1 Reservoir for Reactivation from Other "Shock" Drugs.

Abner, E.Stoszko, M.Zeng, L.Chen, H.C.Izquierdo-Bouldstridge, A.Konuma, T.Zorita, E.Fanunza, E.Zhang, Q.Mahmoudi, T.Zhou, M.M.Filion, G.J.Jordan, A.

(2018) J Virol 92

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.02056-17
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    5Z9C

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    Upon HIV-1 infection, a reservoir of latently infected resting T cells prevents the eradication of the virus from patients. To achieve complete depletion, the existing virus-suppressing antiretroviral therapy must be combined with drugs that reactivate the dormant viruses. We previously described a novel chemical scaffold compound, MMQO (8-methoxy-6-methylquinolin-4-ol), that is able to reactivate viral transcription in several models of HIV latency, including J-Lat cells, through an unknown mechanism. MMQO potentiates the activity of known latency-reversing agents (LRAs) or "shock" drugs, such as protein kinase C (PKC) agonists or histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors. Here, we demonstrate that MMQO activates HIV-1 independently of the Tat transactivator. Gene expression microarrays in Jurkat cells indicated that MMQO treatment results in robust immunosuppression, diminishes expression of c-Myc, and causes the dysregulation of acetylation-sensitive genes. These hallmarks indicated that MMQO mimics acetylated lysines of core histones and might function as a bromodomain and extraterminal domain protein family inhibitor (BETi). MMQO functionally mimics the effects of JQ1, a well-known BETi. We confirmed that MMQO interacts with the BET family protein BRD4. Utilizing MMQO and JQ1, we demonstrate how the inhibition of BRD4 targets a subset of latently integrated barcoded proviruses distinct from those targeted by HDAC inhibitors or PKC pathway agonists. Thus, the quinoline-based compound MMQO represents a new class of BET bromodomain inhibitors that, due to its minimalistic structure, holds promise for further optimization for increased affinity and specificity for distinct bromodomain family members and could potentially be of use against a variety of diseases, including HIV infection. IMPORTANCE The suggested "shock and kill" therapy aims to eradicate the latent functional proportion of HIV-1 proviruses in a patient. However, to this day, clinical studies investigating the "shocking" element of this strategy have proven it to be considerably more difficult than anticipated. While the proportion of intracellular viral RNA production and general plasma viral load have been shown to increase upon a shock regimen, the global viral reservoir remains unaffected, highlighting both the inefficiency of the treatments used and the gap in our understanding of viral reactivation in vivo Utilizing a new BRD4 inhibitor and barcoded HIV-1 minigenomes, we demonstrate that PKC pathway activators and HDAC and bromodomain inhibitors all target different subsets of proviral integration. Considering the fundamental differences of these compounds and the synergies displayed between them, we propose that the field should concentrate on investigating the development of combinatory shock cocktail therapies for improved reservoir reactivation.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (IBMB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Bromodomain-containing protein 4116Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: BRD4HUNK1
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for O60885 (Homo sapiens)
Explore O60885 
Go to UniProtKB:  O60885
PHAROS:  O60885
GTEx:  ENSG00000141867 
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupO60885
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Small Molecules
Ligands 1 Unique
IDChains Name / Formula / InChI Key2D Diagram3D Interactions
MQO (Subject of Investigation/LOI)
Query on MQO

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
B [auth A]8-methoxy-6-methylquinolin-4(1H)-one
C11 H11 N O2
GGLHKVAEYHPPGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: SOLUTION NMR
  • Conformers Calculated: 200 
  • Conformers Submitted: 20 
  • Selection Criteria: structures with the lowest energy 

Structure Validation

View Full Validation Report



Entry History & Funding Information

Deposition Data


Funding OrganizationLocationGrant Number
United States--

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2018-02-14
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2018-05-16
    Changes: Data collection, Database references
  • Version 1.2: 2023-06-14
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Other