Download MendeleyStructure-guided activity enhancement and catalytic mechanism of yeast grx8
Tang, Y., Zhang, J., Yu, J., Xu, L., Wu, J., Zhou, C.Z., Shi, Y.(2014) Biochemistry 53: 2185-2196
- PubMed: 24611845
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/bi401293s
- Primary Citation of Related Structures:
2M80 - PubMed Abstract:
Glutaredoxins (Grxs) are wide-spread oxidoreductases that are found in all kingdoms of life. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes eight Grxs, among which, Grx8 shares a sequence identity of 30 and 23% with typical dithiol Grx1 and Grx2, respectively, but it exhibits a much lower GSH-dependent oxidoreductase activity. To elucidate its catalytic mechanism, we solved the solution structure of Grx8, which displays a typical Grx fold. Structural analysis indicated that Grx8 possesses a negatively charged CXXC motif (Cys(33)-Pro(34)-Asp(35)-Cys(36)) and a GSH-recognition site, which are distinct from Grx1 and Grx2. Subsequent structure-guided site mutations revealed that the D35Y single mutant and N80T/L81V double mutant possess increased activity of 10- and 11-fold, respectively; moreover, the D35Y/N80T/L81V triple mutant has increased activity of up to 44-fold, which is comparable to that of canonical Grx. Biochemical analyses suggested that the increase in catalytic efficiency resulted from a decreased pKa value of catalytic cysteine Cys33 and/or enhancement of the putative GSH-recognition site. Moreover, NMR chemical shift perturbation analyses combined with GSH analogue inhibition assays enabled us to elucidate that wild-type Grx8 and all mutants adopt a ping-pong mechanism of catalysis. All together, these findings provide structural insights into the catalytic mechanism of dithiol Grxs.
Organizational Affiliation:
Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230027, People's Republic of China.
