5YAE

Ferulic acid esterase from Streptomyces cinnamoneus at 2.4 A resolution


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.40 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.220 
  • R-Value Work: 0.180 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.182 

wwPDB Validation   3D Report Full Report


This is version 1.1 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Loop of Streptomyces Feruloyl Esterase Plays an Important Role in the Enzyme's Catalyzing the Release of Ferulic Acid from Biomass.

Uraji, M.Tamura, H.Mizohata, E.Arima, J.Wan, K.Ogawa, K.Inoue, T.Hatanaka, T.

(2018) Appl Environ Microbiol 84

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02300-17
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    5YAE, 5YAL

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    Feruloyl esterases (FAEs) are key enzymes required for the production of ferulic acid from agricultural biomass. Previously, we identified and characterized R18, an FAE from Streptomyces cinnamoneus NBRC 12852, which showed no sequence similarity to the known FAEs. To determine the region involved in its catalytic activity, we constructed chimeric enzymes using R18 and its homolog (TH2-18) from S. cinnamoneus strain TH-2. Although R18 and TH2-18 showed 74% identity in their primary sequences, the recombinant proteins of these two FAEs (recombinant R18 [rR18] and rTH2-18) showed very different specific activities toward ethyl ferulate. By comparing the catalytic activities of the chimeras, a domain comprised of residues 140 to 154 was found to be crucial for the catalytic activity of R18. Furthermore, we analyzed the crystal structure of rR18 at a resolution of 1.5 Å to elucidate the relationship between its activity and its structure. rR18 possessed a typical catalytic triad, consisting of Ser-191, Asp-214, and His-268, which was characteristic of the serine esterase family. By structural analysis, the above-described domain was found to be present in a loop-like structure (the R18 loop), which possessed a disulfide bond conserved in the genus Streptomyces Moreover, compared to rTH2-18 of its parental strain, the TH2-18 mutant, in which Pro and Gly residues were inserted into the domain responsible for forming the R18 loop, showed markedly high k cat values using artificial substrates. We also showed that the FAE activity of TH2-18 toward corn bran, a natural substrate, was improved by the insertion of the Gly and Pro residues. IMPORTANCE Streptomyces species are widely distributed bacteria that are predominantly present in soil and function as decomposers in natural environments. They produce various enzymes, such as carbohydrate hydrolases, esterases, and peptidases, which decompose agricultural biomass. In this study, based on the genetic information on two Streptomyces cinnamoneus strains, we identified novel feruloyl esterases (FAEs) capable of producing ferulic acid from biomass. These two FAEs shared high similarity in their amino acid sequences but did not resemblance any known FAEs. By comparing chimeric proteins and performing crystal structure analysis, we confirmed that a flexible loop was important for the catalytic activity of Streptomyces FAEs. Furthermore, we determined that the catalytic activity of one FAE was improved drastically by inserting only 2 amino acids into its loop-forming domain. Thus, differences in the amino acid sequence of the loop resulted in different catalytic activities. In conclusion, our findings provide a foundation for the development of novel enzymes for industrial use.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Research Institute for Biological Sciences, Okayama Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries, Kaga-gun, Okayama, Japan.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Esterase342Streptomyces cinnamoneusMutation(s): 1 
Gene Names: estA
EC: 3.1.1.73
UniProt
Find proteins for A0A0M4UW33 (Streptomyces cinnamoneus)
Explore A0A0M4UW33 
Go to UniProtKB:  A0A0M4UW33
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupA0A0M4UW33
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.40 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.220 
  • R-Value Work: 0.180 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.182 
  • Space Group: P 21 21 21
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 53.27α = 90
b = 71.29β = 90
c = 87.72γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
REFMACrefinement
XDSdata reduction
XSCALEdata scaling
SHELXCDphasing

Structure Validation

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Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2017-12-06
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2018-01-31
    Changes: Database references