4Y0H

Gamma-aminobutyric acid aminotransferase inactivated by (1S,3S)-3-amino-4-difluoromethylenyl-1-cyclopentanoic acid (CPP-115)


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.63 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.203 
  • R-Value Work: 0.176 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.178 

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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


This is version 1.1 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Mechanism of inactivation of gamma-aminobutyric acid aminotransferase by (1S,3S)-3-amino-4-difluoromethylenyl-1-cyclopentanoic acid (CPP-115)

Hyunbeom, L.Emma, H.D.Rui, W.Ruslan, S.Jose, I.J.Dali, L.Neil, K.Richard, B.S.

(2015) J Am Chem Soc 

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/ja512299n
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    4Y0D, 4Y0H

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    γ-Aminobutyric acid aminotransferase (GABA-AT) is a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme that degrades GABA, the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in mammalian cells. When the concentration of GABA falls below a threshold level, convulsions can occur. Inhibition of GABA-AT raises GABA levels in the brain, which can terminate seizures as well as have potential therapeutic applications in treating other neurological disorders, including drug addiction. Among the analogues that we previously developed, (1S,3S)-3-amino-4-difluoromethylene-1-cyclopentanoic acid (CPP-115) showed 187 times greater potency than that of vigabatrin, a known inactivator of GABA-AT and approved drug (Sabril) for the treatment of infantile spasms and refractory adult epilepsy. Recently, CPP-115 was shown to have no adverse effects in a Phase I clinical trial. Here we report a novel inactivation mechanism for CPP-115, a mechanism-based inactivator that undergoes GABA-AT-catalyzed hydrolysis of the difluoromethylene group to a carboxylic acid with concomitant loss of two fluoride ions and coenzyme conversion to pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate (PMP). The partition ratio for CPP-115 with GABA-AT is about 2000, releasing cyclopentanone-2,4-dicarboxylate (22) and two other precursors of this compound (20 and 21). Time-dependent inactivation occurs by a conformational change induced by the formation of the aldimine of 4-aminocyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid and PMP (20), which disrupts an electrostatic interaction between Glu270 and Arg445 to form an electrostatic interaction between Arg445 and the newly formed carboxylate produced by hydrolysis of the difluoromethylene group in CPP-115, resulting in a noncovalent, tightly bound complex. This represents a novel mechanism for inactivation of GABA-AT and a new approach for the design of mechanism-based inactivators in general.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Department of Chemistry, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, and Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial
A, B, C, D
463Sus scrofaMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: ABATGABAT
EC: 2.6.1.19 (PDB Primary Data), 2.6.1.22 (PDB Primary Data)
UniProt
Find proteins for P80147 (Sus scrofa)
Explore P80147 
Go to UniProtKB:  P80147
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupP80147
Sequence Annotations
Expand
  • Reference Sequence
Small Molecules
Ligands 3 Unique
IDChains Name / Formula / InChI Key2D Diagram3D Interactions
PLP
Query on PLP

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
F [auth A],
H [auth B],
K [auth C],
L [auth D]
PYRIDOXAL-5'-PHOSPHATE
C8 H10 N O6 P
NGVDGCNFYWLIFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
FES
Query on FES

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
E [auth A],
I [auth C]
FE2/S2 (INORGANIC) CLUSTER
Fe2 S2
NIXDOXVAJZFRNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
GOL
Query on GOL

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
G [auth B],
J [auth C]
GLYCEROL
C3 H8 O3
PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.63 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.203 
  • R-Value Work: 0.176 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.178 
  • Space Group: P 1 21 1
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 69.496α = 90
b = 226.924β = 108.67
c = 71.436γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
REFMACrefinement
HKL-2000data scaling
PHENIXrefinement
Cootmodel building

Structure Validation

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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2015-03-11
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2017-11-22
    Changes: Derived calculations, Refinement description, Source and taxonomy