VBU

3-chloranyl-6-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-11~{H}-benzo[b][1,4]benzodiazepine


Toggle HydrogenToggle Labels

Chemical Component Summary

Name3-chloranyl-6-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-11~{H}-benzo[b][1,4]benzodiazepine
SynonymsClozapine
Identifiers3-chloranyl-6-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-11~{H}-benzo[b][1,4]benzodiazepine
FormulaC18 H19 Cl N4
Molecular Weight326.823
TypeNON-POLYMER
Isomeric SMILESCN1CCN(CC1)C2=Nc3cc(ccc3Nc4c2cccc4)Cl
InChIInChI=1S/C18H19ClN4/c1-22-8-10-23(11-9-22)18-14-4-2-3-5-15(14)20-16-7-6-13(19)12-17(16)21-18/h2-7,12,20H,8-11H2,1H3
InChIKeyQZUDBNBUXVUHMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Chemical Details

Formal Charge0
Atom Count42
Chiral Atom Count0
Bond Count45
Aromatic Bond Count12

Drug Info: DrugBank

DrugBank IDDB00363 
NameClozapine
Groups approved
DescriptionClozapine is a tricyclic dibenzodiazepine, classified as an atypical antipsychotic agent.[A256708] Clozapine displays affinity to various neuroreceptors with a particularly low affinity to the dopamine receptors, thus breaking the mold of first-generation antipsychotics and deeming it "atypical".[A256723]. This low affinity to dopamine receptors results in fewer extrapyramidal side effects, especially tardive dyskinesia.[A185747] However, its promiscuity toward the muscarinic and adrenergic receptors can result in other side effects, notably gastrointestinal hypomotility and orthostatic hypotension. [L905,A215552]. Despite its effectiveness in treating both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, clozapine was briefly removed from the market in various jurisdictions in 1970 due to severe agranulocytosis.[A256713,A256718] However, continued evidence of its effectiveness led to clozapine's eventual reintroduction, although with a reluctance to prescribe it.[A256718] Clozapine was approved by the FDA in 1989 for treatment-resistant schizophrenia under the brand CLOZARIL.[L905] Due to its severe adverse effects profile, clozapine is only available through a restricted program under a Risk Evaluation Mitigation Strategy (REMS) called the Clozapine REMS Program.[L905]
Synonyms
  • Clozapin
  • Clozapinum
  • Clozapine hydrochloride
  • Clozapine
  • Clozapina
Brand Names
  • Clozapine Tablets
  • Versacloz
  • PMS-clozapine
  • Clozapine
  • Aa-clozapine
IndicationClozapine is indicated for the treatment of severely ill patients with schizophrenia who fail to respond adequately to standard antipsychotic treatment. Because of the risks of severe neutropenia and of seizure associated with its use, Clozapine should be used only in patients who have failed to respond adequately to standard antipsychotic treatment.[L905] Clozapine is also indicated for reducing the risk of recurrent suicidal behavior in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder who are judged to be at chronic risk for re-experiencing suicidal behavior, based on history and recent clinical state. Suicidal behavior refers to actions by a patient that put him/herself at risk for death.[L905]
Categories
  • Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists
  • Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists
  • Adrenergic Antagonists
  • Agents producing tachycardia
  • Agents that produce hypertension
ATC-CodeN05AH02
CAS number5786-21-0

Drug Targets

NameTarget SequencePharmacological ActionActions
Dopamine D1 receptorMRTLNTSAMDGTGLVVERDFSVRILTACFLSLLILSTLLGNTLVCAAVIR...unknownantagonist
Dopamine D2 receptorMDPLNLSWYDDDLERQNWSRPFNGSDGKADRPHYNYYATLLTLLIAVIVF...unknownantagonist
Dopamine D3 receptorMASLSQLSSHLNYTCGAENSTGASQARPHAYYALSYCALILAIVFGNGLV...unknownantagonist
Dopamine D4 receptorMGNRSTADADGLLAGRGPAAGASAGASAGLAGQGAAALVGGVLLIGAVLA...unknownantagonist
Dopamine D5 receptorMLPPGSNGTAYPGQFALYQQLAQGNAVGGSAGAPPLGPSQVVTACLLTLL...unknownbinder
View More
Drug Info/Drug Targets: DrugBank 3.0: a comprehensive resource for 'omics' research on drugs. Knox C, Law V, Jewison T, Liu P, Ly S, Frolkis A, Pon A, Banco K, Mak C, Neveu V, Djoumbou Y, Eisner R, Guo AC, Wishart DS. Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Jan; 39 (Database issue):D1035-41. | PMID:21059682

Related Resource References

Resource NameReference
Pharos CHEMBL42
PubChem 135398737
ChEMBL CHEMBL42
ChEBI CHEBI:3766, CHEBI:92657