PMID- 12044164
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20020719
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 0006-2960 (Print)
IS  - 0006-2960 (Linking)
VI  - 41
IP  - 23
DP  - 2002 Jun 11
TI  - Crystal structure of a four-copper laccase complexed with an arylamine: insights 
      into substrate recognition and correlation with kinetics.
PG  - 7325-33
AB  - Laccases are multicopper oxidases that catalyze the oxidation of a wide range of 
      phenols or arylamines, and their use in industrial oxidative processes is
      increasing. We purified from the white rot fungus Trametes versicolor a laccase
      that exists as five different isozymes, depending on glycosylation. The 2.4 A
      resolution structure of the most abundant isozyme of the glycosylated enzyme was 
      solved. The four copper atoms are present, and it is the first crystal structure 
      of a laccase in its active form. The crystallized enzyme binds 2,5-xylidine,
      which was used as a laccase inducer in the fungus culture. This arylamine is a
      very weak reducing substrate of the enzyme. The cavity enclosing 2,5-xylidine is 
      rather wide, allowing the accommodation of substrates of various sizes. Several
      amino acid residues make hydrophobic interactions with the aromatic ring of the
      ligand. In addition, two charged or polar residues interact with its amino group.
      The first one is an histidine that also coordinates the copper that functions as 
      the primary electron acceptor. The second is an aspartate conserved among fungal 
      laccases. The purified enzyme can oxidize various hydroxylated compounds of the
      phenylurea family of herbicides that we synthesized. These phenolic substrates
      have better affinities at pH 5 than at pH 3, which could be related to the
      2,5-xylidine binding by the aspartate. This is the first high-resolution
      structure of a multicopper oxidase complexed to a reducing substrate. It provides
      a model for engineering laccases that are either more efficient or with a wider
      substrate specificity.
FAU - Bertrand, Thomas
AU  - Bertrand T
AD  - Laboratoire d'Enzymologie et Biochimie Structurales, UPR 9063 du CNRS, 91198
      Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
FAU - Jolivalt, Claude
AU  - Jolivalt C
FAU - Briozzo, Pierre
AU  - Briozzo P
FAU - Caminade, Eliane
AU  - Caminade E
FAU - Joly, Nathalie
AU  - Joly N
FAU - Madzak, Catherine
AU  - Madzak C
FAU - Mougin, Christian
AU  - Mougin C
LA  - eng
SI  - PDB/1KYA
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Biochemistry
JT  - Biochemistry
JID - 0370623
RN  - 0 (Aniline Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Benzothiazoles)
RN  - 0 (Culture Media)
RN  - 0 (Fungal Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Ligands)
RN  - 0 (Sulfonic Acids)
RN  - 28752-68-3 (2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid)
RN  - 789U1901C5 (Copper)
RN  - 95-78-3 (2,5-xylidene)
RN  - EC 1.- (Oxidoreductases)
RN  - EC 1.10.3.2 (Laccase)
SB  - IM
MH  - Aniline Compounds/*chemistry/*metabolism
MH  - Benzothiazoles
MH  - Binding Sites
MH  - Computer Simulation
MH  - Copper/chemistry/metabolism
MH  - Crystallography, X-Ray
MH  - Culture Media/metabolism
MH  - Enzyme Activation
MH  - Fungal Proteins/*chemistry/isolation & purification/*metabolism
MH  - Glycosylation
MH  - Kinetics
MH  - Laccase
MH  - Ligands
MH  - Models, Molecular
MH  - Oxidoreductases/*chemistry/isolation & purification/*metabolism
MH  - Polyporales/*enzymology/growth & development/metabolism
MH  - Protein Folding
MH  - Substrate Specificity
MH  - Sulfonic Acids/chemistry/metabolism
EDAT- 2002/06/05 10:00
MHDA- 2002/07/20 10:01
CRDT- 2002/06/05 10:00
PHST- 2002/06/05 10:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2002/07/20 10:01 [medline]
PHST- 2002/06/05 10:00 [entrez]
AID - bi0201318 [pii]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Biochemistry. 2002 Jun 11;41(23):7325-33.