3VRG

The crystal structure of hemoglobin from woolly mammoth in the met form


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.50 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.220 
  • R-Value Work: 0.186 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.188 

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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


This is version 1.2 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Structures of haemoglobin from woolly mammoth in liganded and unliganded states.

Noguchi, H.Campbell, K.L.Ho, C.Unzai, S.Park, S.-Y.Tame, J.R.H.

(2012) Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr 68: 1441-1449

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S0907444912029459
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    3VRE, 3VRF, 3VRG

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    The haemoglobin (Hb) of the extinct woolly mammoth has been recreated using recombinant genes expressed in Escherichia coli. The globin gene sequences were previously determined using DNA recovered from frozen cadavers. Although highly similar to the Hb of existing elephants, the woolly mammoth protein shows rather different responses to chloride ions and temperature. In particular, the heat of oxygenation is found to be much lower in mammoth Hb, which appears to be an adaptation to the harsh high-latitude climates of the Pleistocene Ice Ages and has been linked to heightened sensitivity of the mammoth protein to protons, chloride ions and organic phosphates relative to that of Asian elephants. To elucidate the structural basis for the altered homotropic and heterotropic effects, the crystal structures of mammoth Hb have been determined in the deoxy, carbonmonoxy and aquo-met forms. These models, which are the first structures of Hb from an extinct species, show many features reminiscent of human Hb, but underline how the delicate control of oxygen affinity relies on much more than simple overall quaternary-structure changes.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Protein Design Laboratory, Yokohama City University, Suehiro 1-7-29, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Hemoglobin subunit alpha141Mammuthus primigeniusMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: HBA-T2
UniProt
Find proteins for D3U1H8 (Mammuthus primigenius)
Explore D3U1H8 
Go to UniProtKB:  D3U1H8
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupD3U1H8
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 2
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Hemoglobin subunit beta/delta hybrid146Mammuthus primigeniusMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: HBB/D
UniProt
Find proteins for D3U1H9 (Mammuthus primigenius)
Explore D3U1H9 
Go to UniProtKB:  D3U1H9
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupD3U1H9
Sequence Annotations
Expand
  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.50 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.220 
  • R-Value Work: 0.186 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.188 
  • Space Group: C 1 2 1
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 109.398α = 90
b = 61.473β = 110.08
c = 53.488γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
ADSCdata collection
MOLREPphasing
REFMACrefinement
HKL-2000data reduction
HKL-2000data scaling

Structure Validation

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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2012-11-07
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2019-12-11
    Changes: Advisory, Derived calculations
  • Version 1.2: 2023-11-08
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Derived calculations, Refinement description