2ZKJ

Crystal structure of human PDK4-ADP complex

Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.00 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.240 
  • R-Value Work: 0.185 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.188 

wwPDB Validation   3D Report Full Report


This is version 1.1 of the entry. See complete history. 


Literature

Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase-4 Structures Reveal a Metastable Open Conformation Fostering Robust Core-free Basal Activity

Wynn, R.M., Kato, M., Chuang, J.L., Tso, S.-C., Li, J., Chuang, D.T.

(2008) J Biol Chem 283: 25305-25315

  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M802249200
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    3D2R, 2ZKJ

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    • Human pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) is down-regulated by pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) isoforms 1-4. PDK4 is overexpressed in skeletal muscle in type 2 diabetes, resulting in impaired glucose utilization. Here we show that human PDK4 has robust core-free basal activity, which is considerably higher than activity levels of other PDK isoforms stimulated by the PDC core ...

    Human pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) is down-regulated by pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) isoforms 1-4. PDK4 is overexpressed in skeletal muscle in type 2 diabetes, resulting in impaired glucose utilization. Here we show that human PDK4 has robust core-free basal activity, which is considerably higher than activity levels of other PDK isoforms stimulated by the PDC core. PDK4 binds the L3 lipoyl domain, but its activity is not significantly stimulated by any individual lipoyl domains or the core of PDC. The 2.0-A crystal structures of the PDK4 dimer with bound ADP reveal an open conformation with a wider active-site cleft, compared with that in the closed conformation epitomized by the PDK2-ADP structure. The open conformation in PDK4 shows partially ordered C-terminal cross-tails, in which the conserved DW (Asp(394)-Trp(395)) motif from one subunit anchors to the N-terminal domain of the other subunit. The open conformation fosters a reduced binding affinity for ADP, facilitating the efficient removal of product inhibition by this nucleotide. Alteration or deletion of the DW-motif disrupts the C-terminal cross-tail anchor, resulting in the closed conformation and the nearly complete inactivation of PDK4. Fluorescence quenching and enzyme activity data suggest that compounds AZD7545 and dichloroacetate lock PDK4 in the open and the closed conformational states, respectively. We propose that PDK4 with bound ADP exists in equilibrium between the open and the closed conformations. The favored metastable open conformation is responsible for the robust basal activity of PDK4 in the absence of the PDC core.

    Organizational Affiliation: 

    Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9038, USA.



Macromolecules
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(by identity cutoff)  |  Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChainsSequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
[Pyruvate dehydrogenase [lipoamide]] kinase isozyme 4 A, B394Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: PDK4, PDHK4
EC: 2.7.11.2
Find proteins for Q16654 (Homo sapiens)
Explore Q16654 
Go to UniProtKB:  Q16654
NIH Common Fund Data Resources
PHAROS:  Q16654
GTEx:  ENSG00000004799
Protein Feature View
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  • Reference Sequence
Small Molecules
Ligands 3 Unique
IDChainsName / Formula / InChI Key2D Diagram3D Interactions
ADP
Query on ADP
Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
A, B
ADENOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE
C10 H15 N5 O10 P2
XTWYTFMLZFPYCI-KQYNXXCUSA-N		 Ligand Interaction
PO4
Query on PO4
Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
A, B
PHOSPHATE ION
O4 P
NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K		 Ligand Interaction
MG
Query on MG
Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
A, B
MAGNESIUM ION
Mg
JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N		 Ligand Interaction
External Ligand Annotations 
IDBinding Affinity (Sequence Identity %)
ADPKd :  3300   nM  PDBBind
ADPKd:  3300   nM  Binding MOAD
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.00 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.240 
  • R-Value Work: 0.185 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.188 
  • Space Group: P 1 21 1
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 71.616α = 90
b = 68.743β = 100.1
c = 81.554γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
REFMACrefinement
HKL-3000data collection
HKL-3000data reduction
HKL-3000data scaling
PHASERphasing

Structure Validation

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View more in-depth experimental data

Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2008-08-05
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2011-07-13
    Changes: Version format compliance