The crystallographic structure has been determined of a complex between a nonadecapeptide from the fifth epidermal growth factor (EGF5) domain of human thrombomodulin and human D-PheProArg-alpha-thrombin. The peptide corresponds to amino acid residues Gl ...
The crystallographic structure has been determined of a complex between a nonadecapeptide from the fifth epidermal growth factor (EGF5) domain of human thrombomodulin and human D-PheProArg-alpha-thrombin. The peptide corresponds to amino acid residues Glu408-Glu426 of thrombomodulin and contains the third disulfide loop of EGF5 and its linker to EGF6. The structure was refined at 3.0-A resolution to an R-value of 0.146. There are two thrombin molecules in the asymmetric unit, and the structure in the crystal is a 2:1 thrombin complex. The folding of the peptide corresponds closely to the third disulfide loop of EGF2 of factor Xa (rms delta = 1.0 A). The peptide is squeezed between cofacial electropositive fibrinogen recognition exo sites of the two thrombin molecules. Since the peptide has a total of seven aspartic and glutamic acid residues, the principal binding interaction with thrombin is electrostatic. A major hydrophobic association, which is highly directional in such a pronounced electrostatic environment, involves a TyrIleLeu triplet of the peptide and Phe34, Leu65, Tyr76, and Ile82 (chymotrypsinogen numbering) of one thrombin molecule. The tyrosine of the peptide is sandwiched between the thrombin aromatic rings and is most likely the prime source of the specificity of the thrombomodulin-thrombin interaction.
Related Citations:
Alanine-Scanning Mutagenesis of the Epidermal Growth Factor-Like Domains of Human Thrombomodulin Identifies Critical Residues for its Cofactor Activity Nagashima, M., Lundh, E., Leonard, J.C., Parkinson, J.F. (1993) J Biol Chem 268: 2888
Structure of the Hirugen and Hirulog 1 Complexes of Alpha-Thrombin Skrzypczak-Jankun, E., Carperos, V.E., Ravichandran, K.G., Tulinsky, A., Westbrook, M., Maraganore, J.M. (1991) J Mol Biol 221: 1379
Organizational Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824-1322.
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