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Download EndnoteDesign of MKC-442 (emivirine) analogues with improved activity against drug-resistant HIV mutants.
Hopkins, A.L., Ren, J., Tanaka, H., Baba, M., Okamato, M., Stuart, D.I., Stammers, D.K.(1999) J.Med.Chem. 42: 4500-4505
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- Primary Citation of Related Structures:
- Also Cited By: 1DTT, 1DTQ
- PubMed Abstract:
- Continuous and discontinuous changes in the unit cell of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase crystals on dehydration
Esnouf, R.M.,Ren, J.,Garman, E.,Somers, D.O.,Ross, C.K.,Jones, E.Y.,Stammers, D.K.,Stuart, D.I.
(1998) Acta Crystallogr.,Sect.D 54: 938 - High Resolution Structures of HIV-1 RT From Four RT-inhibitor Complexes
Ren, J.,Esnouf, R.M.,Garman, E.,Somers, D.O.,Ross, C.K.,Kirby, I.,Keeling, J.,Darby, G.,Jones, E.Y.,Stuart, D.I.,Stammers, D.K.
(1995) Nat.Struct.Mol.Biol. 2: 293 - Unique features in the structure of the complex between HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and the bis(heteroaryl)piperazine (BHAP) U-90152 explain resistance mutations for this non-nucleoside inhibitor
Esnouf, R.M.,Ren, J.,Hopkins, A.L.,Ross, C.K.,Jones, E.Y.,Stammers, D.K.,Stuart, D.I.
(1997) Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 94: 3984 - Crystals of HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Diffracting to 2.2 Angstrom Resolution
Stammers, D.K.,Somers, D.O.,Ross, C.K.,Kirby, I.,Ray, P.H.,Wilson, J.E.,Norman, M.,Ren, J.,Esnouf, R.M.,Garman, E.,Jones, E.Y.,Stuart, D.I.
(1994) J.Mol.Biol. 242: 586 - Mechanism of Inhibition of HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase by Non-nucleoside Inhibitors
Esnouf, R.M.,Ren, J.,Ross, C.K.,Jones, E.Y.,Stammers, D.K.,Stuart, D.I.
(1995) Nat.Struct.Mol.Biol. 2: 303 - Crystallographic Analysis of the Binding Modes of Thiazoloisoindolinone non-nucleoside Inhibitors to HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase and Comparison with Modelling Studies
Ren, J.,Esnouf, R.M.,Hopkins, A.L.,Stuart, D.I.,Stammers, D.K.
(1999) J.Med.Chem. 42: 3845 - Crystal structures of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase in complex with carboxanilide derivatives
Ren, J.,Esnouf, R.M.,Hopkins, A.L.,Warren, J.,Balzarini, J.,Stuart, D.I.
(1998) Biochemistry 37: 14394 - Complexes of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase with inhibitors of the HEPT series reveal conformational changes relevant to the design of potent non-nucleoside inhibitors
Hopkins, A.L.,Ren, J.,Esnouf, R.M.,Willcox, B.E.,Jones, E.Y.,Ross, C.K.,Miyasaka, T.,Walker, R.T.,Tanaka, H.,Stammers, D.K.,Stuart, D.I.
(1996) J.Med.Chem. 39: 1589 - The structure of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase complexed with 9-chloro-TIBO: lessons for inhibitor design
Ren, J.,Esnouf, R.M.,Hopkins, A.L.,Ross, C.K.,Jones, E.Y.,Stammers, D.K.,Stuart, D.I.
(1995) Structure 3: 915 - 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine drug resistance mutations in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase can induce long range conformational changes
Ren, J.,Esnouf, R.M.,Hopkins, A.L.,Jones, E.Y.,Kirby, I.,Keeling, J.,Ross, C.K.,Larder, B.A.,Stuart, D.I.,Stammers, D.K.
(1998) Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 95: 9518
Two analogues of the nonnucleoside inhibitor of HIV-1 RT, MKC-442 (emivirine), containing different C6 substituents have been designed to be less susceptible to the commonly found drug-resistance mutation of Tyr181Cys. Compound TNK-6123 had a C6 thio ...
Two analogues of the nonnucleoside inhibitor of HIV-1 RT, MKC-442 (emivirine), containing different C6 substituents have been designed to be less susceptible to the commonly found drug-resistance mutation of Tyr181Cys. Compound TNK-6123 had a C6 thiocyclohexyl group designed to have more flexibility in adapting to the mutated drug-binding site. GCA-186 had additional 3',5'-dimethyl substituents aimed at forming close contacts with the conserved residue Trp229. Both compounds showed approximately 30-fold greater inhibitory effect than MKC-442 to the Tyr181Cys mutant virus as well as to the clinically important Lys103Asn virus. X-ray crystallographic structure determination of complexes with HIV-1 RT confirmed the predicted binding modes. These strategies might be used to improve the resilience of other NNRTI series against common drug-resistance mutations.
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Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Rex Richards Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, U.K.
