4OGA

Insulin in complex with Site 1 of the human insulin receptor


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 3.50 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.284 
  • R-Value Work: 0.264 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.265 

wwPDB Validation   3D Report Full Report


This is version 2.1 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Protective hinge in insulin opens to enable its receptor engagement.

Menting, J.G.Yang, Y.Chan, S.J.Phillips, N.B.Smith, B.J.Whittaker, J.Wickramasinghe, N.P.Whittaker, L.J.Pandyarajan, V.Wan, Z.L.Yadav, S.P.Carroll, J.M.Strokes, N.Roberts, C.T.Ismail-Beigi, F.Milewski, W.Steiner, D.F.Chauhan, V.S.Ward, C.W.Weiss, M.A.Lawrence, M.C.

(2014) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111: E3395-E3404

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1412897111
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    2MLI, 2MPI, 4NIB, 4OGA

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    Insulin provides a classical model of a globular protein, yet how the hormone changes conformation to engage its receptor has long been enigmatic. Interest has focused on the C-terminal B-chain segment, critical for protective self-assembly in β cells and receptor binding at target tissues. Insight may be obtained from truncated "microreceptors" that reconstitute the primary hormone-binding site (α-subunit domains L1 and αCT). We demonstrate that, on microreceptor binding, this segment undergoes concerted hinge-like rotation at its B20-B23 β-turn, coupling reorientation of Phe(B24) to a 60° rotation of the B25-B28 β-strand away from the hormone core to lie antiparallel to the receptor's L1-β2 sheet. Opening of this hinge enables conserved nonpolar side chains (Ile(A2), Val(A3), Val(B12), Phe(B24), and Phe(B25)) to engage the receptor. Restraining the hinge by nonstandard mutagenesis preserves native folding but blocks receptor binding, whereas its engineered opening maintains activity at the price of protein instability and nonnative aggregation. Our findings rationalize properties of clinical mutations in the insulin family and provide a previously unidentified foundation for designing therapeutic analogs. We envisage that a switch between free and receptor-bound conformations of insulin evolved as a solution to conflicting structural determinants of biosynthesis and function.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Structural Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia;


Macromolecules

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Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Insulin A chain21Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: INS
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P01308 (Homo sapiens)
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Go to UniProtKB:  P01308
PHAROS:  P01308
GTEx:  ENSG00000254647 
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UniProt GroupP01308
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Entity ID: 2
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Insulin B chain30Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: INS
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P01308 (Homo sapiens)
Explore P01308 
Go to UniProtKB:  P01308
PHAROS:  P01308
GTEx:  ENSG00000254647 
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UniProt GroupP01308
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Entity ID: 3
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
monoclonal antibody fab 83-7 fragment - heavy chain118Mus musculusMutation(s): 0 
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Entity ID: 4
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
monoclonal antibody fab 83-7 fragment - light chain114Mus musculusMutation(s): 0 
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Entity ID: 5
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Insulin receptor domains L1-CR317Homo sapiensMutation(s): 1 
Gene Names: INSR
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P06213 (Homo sapiens)
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Go to UniProtKB:  P06213
PHAROS:  P06213
GTEx:  ENSG00000171105 
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Entity ID: 6
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Insulin receptor alpha-CT peptide16Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
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Find proteins for P06213 (Homo sapiens)
Explore P06213 
Go to UniProtKB:  P06213
PHAROS:  P06213
GTEx:  ENSG00000171105 
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UniProt GroupP06213
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Oligosaccharides

Help

Entity ID: 7
MoleculeChains Length2D Diagram Glycosylation3D Interactions
alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-3)-beta-D-mannopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
G
4N-Glycosylation
Glycosylation Resources
GlyTouCan:  G81315DD
GlyCosmos:  G81315DD
GlyGen:  G81315DD
Entity ID: 8
MoleculeChains Length2D Diagram Glycosylation3D Interactions
beta-D-mannopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-[alpha-L-fucopyranose-(1-6)]2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
H
4N-Glycosylation
Glycosylation Resources
GlyTouCan:  G32152BH
GlyCosmos:  G32152BH
GlyGen:  G32152BH
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 3.50 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.284 
  • R-Value Work: 0.264 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.265 
  • Space Group: P 2 3
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 169.04α = 90
b = 169.04β = 90
c = 169.04γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
Blu-Icedata collection
BUSTERrefinement
XDSdata reduction
XSCALEdata scaling

Structure Validation

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Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2014-08-27
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2014-09-10
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.2: 2017-11-22
    Changes: Refinement description
  • Version 2.0: 2020-07-29
    Type: Remediation
    Reason: Carbohydrate remediation
    Changes: Atomic model, Data collection, Database references, Derived calculations, Structure summary
  • Version 2.1: 2023-09-20
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Refinement description, Structure summary